JUSTIFIED FREELY
#044 JUSTIFIED FREELY
Scripture Romans 3:19-31 NIV Orig. 11-12-61 (11-85)
Rewr. 10-5-88
Passage 19 Now we know that whatever the law says, it says to those who are under the law, so that every mouth may be silenced and the whole world held accountable to God. 20 Therefore no one will be declared righteous in God’s sight by the works of the law; rather, through the law we become conscious of our sin.
21 But now apart from the law the righteousness of God has been made known, to which the Law and the Prophets testify. 22 This righteousness is given through faith in[a] Jesus Christ to all who believe. There is no difference between Jew and Gentile, 23 for all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God, 24 and all are justified freely by his grace through the redemption that came by Christ Jesus. 25 God presented Christ as a sacrifice of atonement,[b] through the shedding of his blood—to be received by faith. He did this to demonstrate his righteousness, because in his forbearance he had left the sins committed beforehand unpunished— 26 he did it to demonstrate his righteousness at the present time, so as to be just and the one who justifies those who have faith in Jesus.
27 Where, then, is boasting? It is excluded. Because of what law? The law that requires works? No, because of the law that requires faith. 28 For we maintain that a person is justified by faith apart from the works of the law. 29 Or is God the God of Jews only? Is he not the God of Gentiles too? Yes, of Gentiles too, 30 since there is only one God, who will justify the circumcised by faith and the uncircumcised through that same faith. 31 Do we, then, nullify the law by this faith? Not at all! Rather, we uphold the law.
Purpose: Continuing the series from Romans, here defining the message of justification for all mankind.
Keywords: Bible Study God, Grace Man, Lost Justification Law
Timeline/Series: Romans
Introduction
Although it has been a number of years, many of us will still remember news reports out of the city of Philadelphia, and the Bellevue Stratford Hotel. It was the summer of 1976. By some fateful choice, the American Legion was holding its annual meeting in Philadelphia. Many of the legionnaires were staying at the Bellevue Stratford.
After the convention was over, and many of the conventioneers had returned home, a strange pall of illness invaded the lives of many of them. Although they were in hospitals in several parts of the country, their doctors read the symptoms the very same way. These people had an unknown illness. For that reason, it became known as “legionnaires” disease. In the weeks following at least 29 people died as a result of complications from the disease. These people had either stayed at The Bellevue Stratford Hotel, or had taken meals there.
Public censure of the hotel began immediately. Before the end of that year, a period of no more than six months, the hotel was closed. What had at one time been one of the proudest of the Philadelphia hotels, slowly sank into an undeserved oblivion. The hotel did not cause those deaths. But its association with them was such that a cautious public would no longer avail itself of these accommodations.
We have an aversion to that which seems to be a threat to our physical well-being. We are insisting on more and more safety in every mode of transportation. We spend huge amounts of money encouraging medical science to protract life.
We have no aversion, however, to sin. We seem willing to take our chances with it even when we know what a threat it is. Thus, Paul reminds his readers, “All have sinned and fall short of the glory of God, and are justified by his grace through . . . Christ Jesus.”
I. First, then, Is the Need for Justification. V23 “for all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God.” Thomas Hobbes wrote, “whatsoever a man does against his conscience, is sin.” The first three chapters are an extension of this premise. God has revealed Himself to the gentiles through nature (Romans 1:19-20). He revealed Himself to the Jews through Law (Romans 2:14-15). All have rebelled against this revelation (Romans 1:29-32 and 2:1-5). All will be judged on the basis of truth rejected (Romans 2:9-11). All are equally guilty (Romans 3:21-23).
Here will begin (through chapter 8) the supreme workings of faith. Romans 8:38 “For I am persuaded that neither death nor life, or angels, nor principalities, nor powers, nor things past, nor things to come, nor height, nor depth, nor any other created thing shall be able to separate us from the love of God which is in Christ Jesus our Lord.
Man, whatever his cultural bias, is the fallen creation of God. We were created in, and for, holiness. Acts 17:26f “From one man made He every nation of men that they should inhabit the whole earth: and He determined the times set for them and the exact places where they should live. God did this so that men would seek Him. . . reach out for Him and find Him, though . . . not far from any of us.”
The first man was created in holiness but voluntarily fallen. So, each one of us, though touched by that same life force of God, is fallen. Holiness implanted but not yielded to in our lives, is thus lost.
We were created to remain under the just law of God. The article was somber and sobering. “Last night while you slept: 15,000 arrests were made, more than 3,000 were committed to mental institutions, there were nearly 100 suicides and 30 murders.”
II. There is Purpose in This Justification. V22 “This righteousness from God comes through faith in Jesus Christ to all who believe.” Man had the choice of positive obedience, and of belief about trust in community, too. It was no impossible alternative. The only available example is Jesus. While we have the seed of sin, the choice is our own.
God chose man to dwell in fellowship. That purpose has never changed. It was witnessed by law and prophets. Isaiah’s “suffering servant” passage (Isaiah 52:13f) confirms. Isaiah 54:7 “For a brief moment I abandoned you, but with deep compassion I will bring thee back.”
The same truth pertains to Jew and Gentile, v22. “There is no difference.” V23 “Both have sinned,” or “miss the mark.” Hebrew v. Greek suggest bad aim or powerlessness.
“Justified freely” (v24) means a judicial decree. “Redemption” (v24) refers to a slave market, where a price had to be paid.
I Peter 1:18f “Knowing that you were not redeemed with corruptible things, like silver or gold, . . . but with the precious blood of Christ as a lamb without blemish.” This brings us to the very heart of the gospel. It speaks of the measure of redemption—“freely” (v24). It speaks of the manner of redemption—"by His grace” (v24). It speaks of the means of redemption—“through . . . Christ Jesus” (v24).
It behooves us to recognize the choice that we are left to make. Human reason tells us to avoid the implication of guilt. Matthew Arnold, poet and author of Victorian England, pictured sin “not as a monster but as an infirmity.” Elsewhere: “an infirmity to get rid of.” He says not “How”!
The likely choice is the (word), not human reasoning. Romans 3:2 “First of all, they have been entrusted with the very words of God.” Guilt is a factor, and restitution is inevitable. The workable alternative is faith in Christ as redeemer and sin bearer.
III. Finally, We See the Example of Justification. V28 “Therefore we conclude that a man is justified by faith apart from the deeds of the law.” Paul’s argument here is not simply justification by faith. He has already settled that: V24 “Being justified freely by His grace through the redemption that is in Christ.”
His argument is one for the exclusiveness of that faith justification. His point is clear. God does not opt to save some by faith and others by work. Such inconsistency is the spawn of infidelity. It is a human trait, not a sovereign one. If God’s mood allowed such swings, how would we know what is His contemporary exercise?
So the point is thoroughly made: He is God of both Jew and Gentile. Jeremiah 10:7 “Who would not fear you, O you king of the nations?” “Nations” is reference to non-Jews. Greek translates ethnos as “nations.”
Mark 12:29f “Hear O Israel, the Lord is one . . . . You shall love your neighbor as yourself.” For the Jew, the law is the source through which faith flows. (Galatians 3:24, in the King James calls law a “schoolmaster.”) For the Gentile, grace is the instrument of faith. But for both, it is the act of believing faith that saves.
So, Paul reminds us that sin is the problem. We are without defense or excuse. Repentance is the key that activates this faith. Thomas Fuller, English churchman and historian, said, “You cannot repent too soon, because you do not know how soon it will be too late.”
Closing
On our one trip abroad, we stopped briefly in Venice. On a ride through the canals, we saw the bridge called The Bridge of Sighs. It is said to lead from a courtroom to a dismal prison. “Abandon hope all ye who enter here.”
THE LORD'S INTERVENTION
#040 (continued from #035) THE LORD’S INTERVENTION
Scripture Joel 2:18-3:21, NIV Orig. Date 11-14-71
Rewr. 4-26-89
Passage:
18 Then the Lord was jealous for his land
and took pity on his people.
19 The Lord replied[a] to them:
“I am sending you grain, new wine and olive oil,
enough to satisfy you fully;
never again will I make you
an object of scorn to the nations.
20 “I will drive the northern horde far from you,
pushing it into a parched and barren land;
its eastern ranks will drown in the Dead Sea
and its western ranks in the Mediterranean Sea.
And its stench will go up;
its smell will rise.”
Surely he has done great things!
21 Do not be afraid, land of Judah;
be glad and rejoice.
Surely the Lord has done great things!
22 Do not be afraid, you wild animals,
for the pastures in the wilderness are becoming green.
The trees are bearing their fruit;
the fig tree and the vine yield their riches.
23 Be glad, people of Zion,
rejoice in the Lord your God,
for he has given you the autumn rains
because he is faithful.
He sends you abundant showers,
both autumn and spring rains, as before.
24 The threshing floors will be filled with grain;
the vats will overflow with new wine and oil.
25 “I will repay you for the years the locusts have eaten—
the great locust and the young locust,
the other locusts and the locust swarm[b]—
my great army that I sent among you.
26 You will have plenty to eat, until you are full,
and you will praise the name of the Lord your God,
who has worked wonders for you;
never again will my people be shamed.
27 Then you will know that I am in Israel,
that I am the Lord your God,
and that there is no other;
never again will my people be shamed.
28 “And afterward,
I will pour out my Spirit on all people.
Your sons and daughters will prophesy,
your old men will dream dreams,
your young men will see visions.
29 Even on my servants, both men and women,
I will pour out my Spirit in those days.
30 I will show wonders in the heavens
and on the earth,
blood and fire and billows of smoke.
31 The sun will be turned to darkness
and the moon to blood
before the coming of the great and dreadful day of the Lord.
32 And everyone who calls
on the name of the Lord will be saved;
for on Mount Zion and in Jerusalem
there will be deliverance,
as the Lord has said,
even among the survivors
whom the Lord calls.[c]
3 [d]“In those days and at that time,
when I restore the fortunes of Judah and Jerusalem,
2 I will gather all nations
and bring them down to the Valley of Jehoshaphat.[e]
There I will put them on trial
for what they did to my inheritance, my people Israel,
because they scattered my people among the nations
and divided up my land.
3 They cast lots for my people
and traded boys for prostitutes;
they sold girls for wine to drink.
4 “Now what have you against me, Tyre and Sidon and all you regions of Philistia? Are you repaying me for something I have done? If you are paying me back, I will swiftly and speedily return on your own heads what you have done. 5 For you took my silver and my gold and carried off my finest treasures to your temples.[f] 6 You sold the people of Judah and Jerusalem to the Greeks, that you might send them far from their homeland.
7 “See, I am going to rouse them out of the places to which you sold them, and I will return on your own heads what you have done. 8 I will sell your sons and daughters to the people of Judah, and they will sell them to the Sabeans, a nation far away.” The Lord has spoken.
9 Proclaim this among the nations:
Prepare for war!
Rouse the warriors!
Let all the fighting men draw near and attack.
10 Beat your plowshares into swords
and your pruning hooks into spears.
Let the weakling say,
“I am strong!”
11 Come quickly, all you nations from every side,
and assemble there.
Bring down your warriors, Lord!
12 “Let the nations be roused;
let them advance into the Valley of Jehoshaphat,
for there I will sit
to judge all the nations on every side.
13 Swing the sickle,
for the harvest is ripe.
Come, trample the grapes,
for the winepress is full
and the vats overflow—
so great is their wickedness!”
14 Multitudes, multitudes
in the valley of decision!
For the day of the Lord is near
in the valley of decision.
15 The sun and moon will be darkened,
and the stars no longer shine.
16 The Lord will roar from Zion
and thunder from Jerusalem;
the earth and the heavens will tremble.
But the Lord will be a refuge for his people,
a stronghold for the people of Israel.
17 “Then you will know that I, the Lord your God,
dwell in Zion, my holy hill.
Jerusalem will be holy;
never again will foreigners invade her.
18 “In that day the mountains will drip new wine,
and the hills will flow with milk;
all the ravines of Judah will run with water.
A fountain will flow out of the Lord’s house
and will water the valley of acacias.[g]
19 But Egypt will be desolate,
Edom a desert waste,
because of violence done to the people of Judah,
in whose land they shed innocent blood.
20 Judah will be inhabited forever
and Jerusalem through all generations.
21 Shall I leave their innocent blood unavenged?
No, I will not.”
The Lord dwells in Zion!
Purpose: Continuing a study in the Prophet Joel, here describing God’s response to His people’s repentance.
Keywords Bible Study God, Sovereignty Repentance
Series/Timeline Minor Prophets Sequential
Introduction
The concluding part of chapter 2 gives much of the weight of choice to those who believe the book to be apocryphal. He speaks of “wonders in heaven,” of “blood, and fire, and pillars of smoke” in the earth. The sun is pictured becoming dark, the moon, bloodlike. It is the terminology of the doomsayers. But Joel is a simple prophet who loves God, and who loves his people, and his wish is to call these people “back” to God.
I. He Holds Out to Them the Prospect of Intervention. V18f “Then will the Lord be jealous for his land, and pity His people.” V21 “Fear not, O land; be glad and rejoice; For the Lord will do great things.”
What will be seen first are material blessings (vs 18-27): An abundance of crops, v19; deliverance from military peril, v20a; restoral of what they lost, v25—the stripped catalpa tree would be restored, the frost-bitten potatoes rejuvenated.
The second consideration is of spiritual blessings (Joel 2:28-32), when God’s Spirit comes to bring grace to His people (V28): on sons and daughters, on old and young, on bond and free. In a day of utter darkness, there will be light, v31. In a day of wasting, there will be a remnant to carry on, v32.
II. A Final Word Describes a Judgment of World Proportions. Joel 3:2 “I will gather all nations, and will bring them down into the valley of Jehoshaphat, and will plead with them there for my people, . . . whom they have scattered among the nations.” It is a temporal judgment because of the mistreatment of God’s people: “They have scattered my people;” “they have parted my land;” “they have abused the guiltless.”
The judgment will be thorough. There is accusation, v3, “They have cast lots for my people.” There is investigation: They have taken treasures, v5—not of God’s house, but of God’s; they have abused God’s people, v6. As they have done, so will it be done to them.
There is condemnation, v9, “Prepare war, wake up the mighty men”; they are to make plowshares into swords. Isaiah 2:4 and Micah 4:3 use the imagery, but it is reversed, and it is to God’s own people.
Joel paints a vivid picture of the final confrontation of the forces of flesh and the power of God. V11 “Assemble yourselves and come, all ye heathen, and gather yourselves together, round about: thither cause thy mighty ones to come down, O Lord.” The heathen will appear in the valley of decision (Jehoshaphat). A day of terror is described.
III. The Concluding Thought Is of Blessing Upon Believers. V16b “The Lord will be the hope of His people, and the strength of the children of Israel.” God will be their hope. V16b “The Lord will be the hope of His people.” God is their dwelling. V17 “I am the Lord your God, dwelling in Zion.” God is their sufficiency. V18 “And a fountain shall come forth of the house of the Lord.” God is their protector. V1--Egypt and Edom are described as desolate. Is the mention of Judah post-exilic? V20-21 “But Judah shall dwell forever, and Jerusalem from generation to generation. For I will cleanse their blood that I have not cleansed: for the Lord dwelleth in Zion.”
WHO CAN ABIDE THE DAY OF THE LORD?
#035 WHO CAN ABIDE THE DAY OF THE LORD?
Scripture Joel 1:1-2, 11 Orig. Date 1/20/65
Rewr. Dates 4/26/89
Passage: The word of the Lord that came to Joel son of Pethuel.2 Hear this, you elders;
listen, all who live in the land.
Has anything like this ever happened in your days
or in the days of your ancestors?
3 Tell it to your children,
and let your children tell it to their children,
and their children to the next generation.
4 What the locust swarm has left
the great locusts have eaten;
what the great locusts have left
the young locusts have eaten;
what the young locusts have left
other locusts[a] have eaten.
5 Wake up, you drunkards, and weep!
Wail, all you drinkers of wine;
wail because of the new wine,
for it has been snatched from your lips.
6 A nation has invaded my land,
a mighty army without number;
it has the teeth of a lion,
the fangs of a lioness.
7 It has laid waste my vines
and ruined my fig trees.
It has stripped off their bark
and thrown it away,
leaving their branches white.
8 Mourn like a virgin in sackcloth
grieving for the betrothed of her youth.
9 Grain offerings and drink offerings
are cut off from the house of the Lord.
The priests are in mourning,
those who minister before the Lord.
10 The fields are ruined,
the ground is dried up;
the grain is destroyed,
the new wine is dried up,
the olive oil fails.
11 Despair, you farmers,
wail, you vine growers;
grieve for the wheat and the barley,
because the harvest of the field is destroyed.
12 The vine is dried up
and the fig tree is withered;
the pomegranate, the palm and the apple[b] tree—
all the trees of the field—are dried up.
Surely the people’s joy
is withered away.
13 Put on sackcloth, you priests, and mourn;
wail, you who minister before the altar.
Come, spend the night in sackcloth,
you who minister before my God;
for the grain offerings and drink offerings
are withheld from the house of your God.
14 Declare a holy fast;
call a sacred assembly.
Summon the elders
and all who live in the land
to the house of the Lord your God,
and cry out to the Lord.
15 Alas for that day!
For the day of the Lord is near;
it will come like destruction from the Almighty.[c]
16 Has not the food been cut off
before our very eyes—
joy and gladness
from the house of our God?
17 The seeds are shriveled
beneath the clods.[d]
The storehouses are in ruins,
the granaries have been broken down,
for the grain has dried up.
18 How the cattle moan!
The herds mill about
because they have no pasture;
even the flocks of sheep are suffering.
19 To you, Lord, I call,
for fire has devoured the pastures in the wilderness
and flames have burned up all the trees of the field.
20 Even the wild animals pant for you;
the streams of water have dried up
and fire has devoured the pastures in the wilderness.
2 Blow the trumpet in Zion;
sound the alarm on my holy hill.
Let all who live in the land tremble,
for the day of the Lord is coming.
It is close at hand—
2 a day of darkness and gloom,
a day of clouds and blackness.
Like dawn spreading across the mountains
a large and mighty army comes,
such as never was in ancient times
nor ever will be in ages to come.
3 Before them fire devours,
behind them a flame blazes.
Before them the land is like the garden of Eden,
behind them, a desert waste—
nothing escapes them.
4 They have the appearance of horses;
they gallop along like cavalry.
5 With a noise like that of chariots
they leap over the mountaintops,
like a crackling fire consuming stubble,
like a mighty army drawn up for battle.
6 At the sight of them, nations are in anguish;
every face turns pale.
7 They charge like warriors;
they scale walls like soldiers.
They all march in line,
not swerving from their course.
8 They do not jostle each other;
each marches straight ahead.
They plunge through defenses
without breaking ranks.
9 They rush upon the city;
they run along the wall.
They climb into the houses;
like thieves they enter through the windows.
10 Before them the earth shakes,
the heavens tremble,
the sun and moon are darkened,
and the stars no longer shine.
11 The Lord thunders
at the head of his army;
his forces are beyond number,
and mighty is the army that obeys his command.
The day of the Lord is great;
it is dreadful.
Who can endure it?
Purpose: Beginning a Prayer Meeting series dealing with the Minor Prophets, here introducing Joel’s call to repentance.
Keywords: Bible Study Judgment Repentance
Timeline/Series: Minor Prophets Sequential
Introduction
One thing is sure, the author, Joel, called the “son of Pethuel” has witnessed a frightsome event and he likens it to the “day of the Lord” (2:1). Little is known about him other than his fixation on the priesthood, and the region surrounding Jerusalem. There is no scriptural documentation. Other Joels are mentioned (I Chronicles 5:54), but nothing is found to tie them to this Joel.
The name means “Jehovah (or the Lord) is God.” His name probably does mean that he came from a family, whether out of Reuben as some believe, or out of Jerusalem herself, that worshipped the Lord God.
When he wrote is anybody’s guess. Pre-20th Century scholarship favored a pre-exilic view. He is positioned with Hosea and Amos among first mentioned prophets. Amos and Hosea are known from the 8th Century B.C.. The enemy nations are the Philistines, Egyptians, Phoenicians, and Edomites. However, these were enemies after the captivity as well.
The lack of a reigning king fits the time when Joash was made king at age 7 (II Kings 11:21f). The priests actually governed the people.
But such circumstance fits a post-exilic date as well. There was no king. The priests ruled. The enemies were no longer Assyria and Babylon. But the message does not depend upon the selection of a date.
It is important to decide if the text is apocalyptic, allegorical, or actual. Those who take the first position say the locusts represent the enemies of God’s people in the end times. The allegorical view would represent these locusts as the traditional enemies of Israel. To see an actual locust invasion is to see Joel describing a natural event as an actual intervention of God to bring the people to repentance.
II Chronicles 21-22 may describe the period. Jehoram, fifth from Solomon, was a wicked king. There was a carrying away of people and possessions by enemies (II Chronicles 21:17). At Jehoram’s death, Ahaziah, his youngest son, became king. He was assassinated by Jehu, and his mother, Athaliah, ascended the throne. It was she who killed the royal sons, only to have Joash hidden by the priests.
I. Successive Plagues and Drought, Joel 1:1-20. V4 “That which the palmerworm hath left hath the locust eaten; and that which the locust hath left hath the cankerworm eaten; and that which the cankerworm hath left hath the caterpillar eaten.” It is a scene of total destruction. Who has seen it before? Who will see its equal again?
The different names are thought to be the various stages in the life cycle. William Thomson was a 19th Century American missionary who worked for 25 years in Ottoman Syria. He writes in The Land and the Book: “Their number was astounding; the whole face of the mountain was black with them. On they came like a living deluge. . . . It was perfectly appalling as we watched this animated river as it flowed up the road, and ascended the hill above my house. For four days they continued to pass on toward the east . . . they devoured every green thing . . . . The noise they made in marching and foraging was like that of a heavy shower on a distant forest. . . . They all pursue the same line of march, like a disciplined army.”
The effect of all of this will be felt throughout the land. Desolation was as of a drunkard denied his bottle, v5. Despair was as of the young bride whose husband-to-be dies on her wedding day, v8. Desperation was as that of the farmer whose crops are destroyed at harvest, v11.
Thus, Joel issues his first call for repentance, v13-15. It is directed first to priests. The elders are to be brought together. The people are to assemble in “the house of the Lord.” It would be a “solemn day,” v14, a day to “cry out” danger.
Don’t lightheartedly pass over the semblance of the “house” of God.
Thus, in this context, Joel perceives “a day of the Lord.” He was given “the word of the Lord,” v1. He senses that word has directed him to an event, and the people are to be warned. Is it the activity of God’s righteous indignation? Is it man’s abuse bringing recompense on his own head?
The news told of the plight of an Australian sheepherder. Animals were dying by the hundreds. There was a caption with a picture of thousands of thirst-ravaged livestock: “Why doesn’t God hear their prayer? Who brought them to a dire land in such numbers that their needs could not be met?”
II. This “Day of the Lord” is Imminent, v 2:1-11. “For the day of the Lord cometh, for it is nigh at hand.” The meaning of the phrase: The prophets used this term of deliberate intervention by God—popularly, it was used of God’s intervention to bless Israel, curse their enemies. Amos used it as Joel here: “Woe unto you that desire the day of the Lord! . . . The day of the Lord is darkness, and not light.” It is a day of judgment and justice.
Joel uses the phrase five times: In relation to an event (1:15); as a symbol of a coming judgment (2:1,11)—also v31: “The sun shall be turned into darkness and the moon into ‘blood, before the great and terrible day of the Lord’”; as a warning that personal response is required, v3:14—“Multitudes, multitudes in the valley of decision or the day of the Lord is near in the valley of decision.”
III. A Parenthetical Call to Repentance is Issued. V1f “Turn ye even to me with all your heart, . . . rend your heart, and not your garments, and turn unto the Lord your God: for He is gracious and merciful.” Disasters of the gravest magnitude may be circumscribed, v13. Their “turning” must be acceptable—from the Hebrew “shub,” for returning. It appears over 1000 times in the Old Testament, 111 by Jeremiah. The same word is used in v14 of God.
Religious pretension without heart performance is hypocritical and useless. God has the power to act in response to our faith. The people of faith and covenant must act: Observe a feast (v15); gather together for declaration of unity (v15, 16); forgo personal liberties and pleasures, v16b. Let the priests express before God the will of the people for intervention.
CHANGES IN THE WIND
#023 CHANGES IN THE WIND
Scripture I Corinthians 15:35-58 NIV Orig. 8-18-63
Rewr. 3-29-89
Passage: 35 But someone will ask, “How are the dead raised? With what kind of body will they come?” 36 How foolish! What you sow does not come to life unless it dies. 37 When you sow, you do not plant the body that will be, but just a seed, perhaps of wheat or of something else. 38 But God gives it a body as he has determined, and to each kind of seed he gives its own body. 39 Not all flesh is the same: People have one kind of flesh, animals have another, birds another and fish another. 40 There are also heavenly bodies and there are earthly bodies; but the splendor of the heavenly bodies is one kind, and the splendor of the earthly bodies is another. 41 The sun has one kind of splendor, the moon another and the stars another; and star differs from star in splendor.
42 So will it be with the resurrection of the dead. The body that is sown is perishable, it is raised imperishable; 43 it is sown in dishonor, it is raised in glory; it is sown in weakness, it is raised in power; 44 it is sown a natural body, it is raised a spiritual body. If there is a natural body, there is also a spiritual body. 45 So it is written: “The first man Adam became a living being”[a]; the last Adam, a life-giving spirit. 46 The spiritual did not come first, but the natural, and after that the spiritual. 47 The first man was of the dust of the earth; the second man is of heaven. 48 As was the earthly man, so are those who are of the earth; and as is the heavenly man, so also are those who are of heaven. 49 And just as we have borne the image of the earthly man, so shall we[b] bear the image of the heavenly man.
50 I declare to you, brothers and sisters, that flesh and blood cannot inherit the kingdom of God, nor does the perishable inherit the imperishable. 51 Listen, I tell you a mystery: We will not all sleep, but we will all be changed— 52 in a flash, in the twinkling of an eye, at the last trumpet. For the trumpet will sound, the dead will be raised imperishable, and we will be changed. 53 For the perishable must clothe itself with the imperishable, and the mortal with immortality. 54 When the perishable has been clothed with the imperishable, and the mortal with immortality, then the saying that is written will come true: “Death has been swallowed up in victory.”[c]
55 “Where, O death, is your victory?
Where, O death, is your sting?”[d]
56 The sting of death is sin, and the power of sin is the law. 57 But thanks be to God! He gives us the victory through our Lord Jesus Christ.
58 Therefore, my dear brothers and sisters, stand firm. Let nothing move you. Always give yourselves fully to the work of the Lord, because you know that your labor in the Lord is not in vain.
Purpose: Continuing a study for Prayer Meeting out of the epistle to the Corinthians.
Keywords: Bible study Resurrection
Timeline/Series: I Corinthians
Introduction
Twice a year we notice instantly the changes taking place all around us. Last Winter we observed the deterioration of nature. Where there had been beautiful flowers, only spindly stalks remained. Where vegetable gardens had produced food for our tables, only a few sparse weeds staked their claims under the diminishing sun. Where trees had spontaneously graced our lives with shade, all that remained was leaf litter to be gathered and burned. But change had occurred.
Change has come once more. From the lifelessness of Winter there is beginning to emerge the incandescent beauty of Spring. Dogwood, azaleas, tulips abound, and share their joy all around.
Change is natural. But something beyond the natural is God’s gift to the redeemed. Paul is determined to share the uplift of this victory.
I. Raising Some Oft Asked Questions. V35 “How are the dead raised? And with what manner of body do they come?” The Jews deliberated such questions. They are questions about the resurrection body. The rabbis windily debated these.
The Greeks did not believe in a bodily resurrection. They believed in the immortality of the soul. The body of flesh was the house of sin.
The text exemplifies the resurrection body. Such debating is foolish. Death is the natural corridor through which such life begins. Not speaking as a botanist, but a plant dies and produces seed, which germinates to form life. There are variances throughout creation: The flesh of man as beast leads to the glory of bodies terrestrial and celestial.
Thus, resurrection is the ultimate hope. There are four antitheses:
a) The perishable vs. the imperishable—Romans 8:21 “The creature . . . shall be delivered from the bondage of corruption into the glorious liberty of the children of God.”
b) Humiliation vs. glory—Philippians 3:21, “Who shall change our vile body, that it may be fashioned like unto His glorious body. . . .”
c) Weakness vs. power—II Corinthians 12:9, “My strength is made perfect in weakness.”
d) Physical vs. spiritual—There are two supreme thoughts here: that the physical body belongs to all, and that the spiritual body belongs to the redeemed.
II. A Vital Difference Between the Two Adams. V45 “The first man Adam became a living soul, the last Adam a life-giving spirit.”
The first Adam is a man of dust, destined to return to the ground, and with a nature that guarantees only a grave. Flesh and blood cannot inherit the Kingdom of God. PBS’s Nova ran a story about the concentration, highest in the world, of Huntington’s Disease in villages along the shores of Lake Maracaibo. This neurological disease is always fatal, and the program was called “The Killer Gene.”
Christ is not a man of such nature, but a man of heaven. Spiritual bodies are for those who share His nature. Romans 8:29 “to be conformed to the image of His Son.”
III. The Mystery of the End-Time. V51 “Behold I tell you a mystery. We shall not all sleep, but we shall all be changed.” There is a mystery to be declared. It has a different connotation from I Corinthians 14:2, which is about the mystery of speaking in tongues. There the idea is secretiveness. Here one thinks of unveiling.
Here it involves immortality. In Greek, athanasia means to deny death, euthanasia means “easy death.” Man’s immortality is not natural, but by grace. Hosea 13:14 “I will ransom them from the power of the grave; I will redeem them from death.”
Christ is the One in whom is victory.
A HOPE THAT IS WONDERFUL
#021 A HOPE THAT IS WONDERFUL
Scripture Romans 8:18-39 NIV Orig. 7-15-62
Rewr. 3-21-85
Passage: 18 I consider that our present sufferings are not worth comparing with the glory that will be revealed in us. 19 For the creation waits in eager expectation for the children of God to be revealed. 20 For the creation was subjected to frustration, not by its own choice, but by the will of the one who subjected it, in hope 21 that[a] the creation itself will be liberated from its bondage to decay and brought into the freedom and glory of the children of God. 22 We know that the whole creation has been groaning as in the pains of childbirth right up to the present time. 23 Not only so, but we ourselves, who have the firstfruits of the Spirit, groan inwardly as we wait eagerly for our adoption to sonship, the redemption of our bodies. 24 For in this hope we were saved. But hope that is seen is no hope at all. Who hopes for what they already have? 25 But if we hope for what we do not yet have, we wait for it patiently. 26 In the same way, the Spirit helps us in our weakness. We do not know what we ought to pray for, but the Spirit himself intercedes for us through wordless groans. 27 And he who searches our hearts knows the mind of the Spirit, because the Spirit intercedes for God’s people in accordance with the will of God. 28 And we know that in all things God works for the good of those who love him, who[b] have been called according to his purpose. 29 For those God foreknew he also predestined to be conformed to the image of his Son, that he might be the firstborn among many brothers and sisters. 30 And those he predestined, he also called; those he called, he also justified; those he justified, he also glorified. 31 What, then, shall we say in response to these things? If God is for us, who can be against us? 32 He who did not spare his own Son, but gave him up for us all—how will he not also, along with him, graciously give us all things? 33 Who will bring any charge against those whom God has chosen? It is God who justifies. 34 Who then is the one who condemns? No one. Christ Jesus who died—more than that, who was raised to life—is at the right hand of God and is also interceding for us. 35 Who shall separate us from the love of Christ? Shall trouble or hardship or persecution or famine or nakedness or danger or sword? 36 As it is written:
“For your sake we face death all day long;
we are considered as sheep to be slaughtered.”[c]
37 No, in all these things we are more than conquerors through him who loved us. 38 For I am convinced that neither death nor life, neither angels nor demons,[d] neither the present nor the future, nor any powers, 39 neither height nor depth, nor anything else in all creation, will be able to separate us from the love of God that is in Christ Jesus our Lord.
Purpose: Continuing a series from Romans, define for my people that wonderful hope that is in Christ.
Keywords: God Sovereignty Hope Holy Spirit
Timeline/Series: Romans
Introduction
I read recently the story of a young writer who believed that he had composed the classic short story. He was persuaded that it was the best that he could do. Though the plot was not original, the young man felt that it was a masterpiece of realism.
One day he was introduced to a famous author, and to his delight, the old man asked his new friend to come to his study and read his manuscript to him.
The story was about the only son of a poor widow living in a cottage nesting in a Pennsylvania valley. The boy decided to go to the city to seek his fortune. The mother, in true motherly form, saw him off saying, “Now remember son, if you ever get into trouble, no matter how bad it is, you set off home and as you come over the hill, you’ll always find a light burning in this window—and I’ll be waiting to welcome you.”
As the young author read his manuscript he told the young man’s story. It was one of decline and fall into debauchery and crime. After a time in prison, and after his release, he decided it was time to return to the old home place. He came finally to the only hill that remained between himself and his home. As he walked over the crest and looked down, there was the outline of the old cottage in the evening gloom, but no light burning in the window.
The old author, who had listened intently all the while, leaped quickly to his feet and cried: “You young devil, put that light back.” That light represented hope. As long as it remained, then the remoteness of the story did not matter.
I. A Hope that is Wonderful Defines the Human Struggle. V22f “For we know that the whole creation groans in labor pains together until now. And not only they, but we also who have the firstfruits of the Spirit.” We must first link with the prior message. V16 The Holy Spirit confirms human spirit. We are therefore God’s children—heirs. Heirship is fulfilled only at death. As another thread in the tapestry of eternity, death becomes less frightening. In 1939 Lou Gehrig said of his illness: "Fans, for the past two weeks, you've been reading about a bad break. Today I consider myself the luckiest man on the face of the earth.” In 2 Corinthians 10:15 Paul wrote “When I am weak, then I am strong.”
Oneness with Christ is ours.
In this sense, Paul confirms human suffering. Whatever the struggle, it is less overpowering beholding what is to be. All of us know someone in the throes of some deep agony. How much easier when there is a supportive family. What a difference friends can make.
Paul says (V19) “creation” will be better off for man’s struggle to redemption. Natural man brings nature to the brink. PBS, in “Passion to Protect,” reported than 1 in 1000 animal species becomes extinct through a natural event, once a month through a man-made event.
Misuse of chemicals are creating a far-ranging problem. An article published 3-20-85 reported that it was a pesticide chemical that caused the death of 2,000 people in Bhopal, India.
Man’s spiritual redemption, cosmos out of chaos, is nature’s hope also. Hope (v20) is not God’s hope. It is man’s hope, nature’s hope. With God there can be nothing less than absolute certainly. The struggle is of divine ordination. The world may be in its birth pains, V22—tsunami, earthquakes, floods, tornadoes, etc. Man is in his coming to oneness with God.
II. A Hope that is Wonderful Describes the Spirit’s Intercession. (V26-27). V26 “Likewise the Spirit also helps in our weaknesses. For we do not know what we should pray for as we ought, but the Spirit Himself makes intercession for us.” It is intercession in prayer. He doesn't do our praying for us. When burdens stymie prayer, He comes to our rescue. It is not intercession when we are not praying, but when we can’t pray.
It is intercession in weakness. We are trying to impress others with our strengths. But “when I am weak, then I am strong.” The Holy Spirit comes in our weakness. Helps (V26)—sunantilambanomai, “to take hold of with another.” Ever tried to pick up a wheelbarrow by the handles? Even if a friend takes one of the handles? We need a helper who understands the problem. For instance, the best marriages are often those where weaknesses are known, understood, and accepted. It is intercession seeking compliance with the will of God. “According to [the will of] God” V27 is surely the sense of the verse: 2 Corinthians 10:15: “Not boasting of things without our measure, that is, of other men’s labours; but having hope, when your faith is increased, that we shall be enlarged by you according to our rule abundantly.”
III. A Hope that is Wonderful Explains God’s Sovereignty V26-28. V28 “And we know that all things work together for good to those who are called according to his purpose.” Not some pantheism by which we are elected if all goes well with us. Not some theistic “chance.” 2 Samuel 7:28 “And now, O Lord God, You are God, and Your words are true, and You have promised this goodness to Your servant.” It is God active in the framework of history. Acts 17:24-28 at Mars Hill: “He has made from one blood every nation of men to dwell on all the face of the earth, and has determined their preappointed times and the boundaries of their habitation” (V26). God guides that history by those who cooperate with His purpose, just as we must seek to pray for the Spirit to intercede.
As we “faith” events around us, we are “working together” with God. “Purpose” translates “a placing before.” It is to establish priorities. V. 29-30 contain God’s loving purpose for the Christian. “Foreknew”—to know before hand; “predestinate”—horizon—to set a limit, “confirmed to the image of His Son”; “called”—all are called, those who respond are certified; “justified”—legal and formal acquittal; “glorified”—bring to a promised place of honor.
IV. A Hope that is Wonderful Exemplifies Christ’s Substitution (VV 31-39). V32 “He who did not spare His own Son, but delivered Him up for us all, how shall He not also freely give us all things?" We are redeemed by this substitutionary work of Christ. In Him we are God’s own dear children. He doesn’t love others less. His love is personalized by response as John was “the Disciple whom Jesus loved.” To be in Christ is to be uncondemned (V34). To be in Christ is forever (V39).
Closing
We had a couple of pianos tuned recently. Did you ever wonder how they do it in big chuches where they have lots of pianos? How would it be to tune the first, and then to tune each succeeding one to the one just finished? Would the twenty be in harmony with the first? No, in no way!
Our two were tuned with a tuning fork. If one had two hundred to be tuned, they would all require tuning with the same tuning fork.
This wonderful hope, of which we have spoken, is “in Christ.” It is up to each of us to rest in Him to have this hope.
THE PREACHING OF JESUS
Scripture Luke 6:39-49 NIV Orig. July 4, 1985
Passage: 39 He also told them this parable: “Can the blind lead the blind? Will they not both fall into a pit? 40 The student is not above the teacher, but everyone who is fully trained will be like their teacher. 41 “Why do you look at the speck of sawdust in your brother’s eye and pay no attention to the plank in your own eye? 42 How can you say to your brother, ‘Brother, let me take the speck out of your eye,’ when you yourself fail to see the plank in your own eye? You hypocrite, first take the plank out of your eye, and then you will see clearly to remove the speck from your brother’s eye. 43 “No good tree bears bad fruit, nor does a bad tree bear good fruit. 44 Each tree is recognized by its own fruit. People do not pick figs from thornbushes, or grapes from briers. 45 A good man brings good things out of the good stored up in his heart, and an evil man brings evil things out of the evil stored up in his heart. For the mouth speaks what the heart is full of. 46 “Why do you call me, ‘Lord, Lord,’ and do not do what I say? 47 As for everyone who comes to me and hears my words and puts them into practice, I will show you what they are like. 48 They are like a man building a house, who dug down deep and laid the foundation on rock. When a flood came, the torrent struck that house but could not shake it, because it was well built. 49 But the one who hears my words and does not put them into practice is like a man who built a house on the ground without a foundation. The moment the torrent struck that house, it collapsed and its destruction was complete.”
Purpose: Continuing a Wednesday night series from Luke emphasizing the preaching of Jesus
Keywords: Luke, Christ, Preaching
Timeline/Series: Luke
Introduction
From the preaching of Jesus we have an example of preaching in the mold of Hebrew preaching in that day. It not only helps us to understand the context of preaching in the way that He experienced it, but it also shows the variances that He added to for others to follow.
Our text contains eleven verses. There are at least six distinct ideas contained therein. The themes are: Following those who don’t know where they are going; relationship of teacher and pupil; reality therapy; a tree and its fruit; good and evil persons; and building a house.
Herein is the essence of Hebrew preaching. The Jews had a word for it: charaz, meaning “stringing beads.” The preacher, in order to maintain interest, was taught to hurry from topic to topic. The Book of Proverbs is a fairly good example of such preaching.
Here, we have an example of using this kind of contemporary communication. But He was not limited to this. We find Him broadening the base of preaching by using it to convey specific truth through teaching. He controlled the manner of His preaching as surely as He did the message.
Rule #1—We can Share Effectively Only What We have Come to Grasp Sufficiently. V39 “Can the blind lead the blind? Will they not both fall into the ditch?” The blind person is totally helpless with anything he has not experienced. The blind person is helpless. It is remarkable what some have achieved within their limitations. There are golf tournaments for the blind. A blind woman named Vera painted her house in New Orleans. To try to take another where we have not been is a risk. There are compensations for sighted persons, such as maps, aids.
There is room for consideration of both literal and metaphorical blindness. The Greek word tuphlos refers to either kind of blindness. Its use here seems to suggest a literal blindness (physical).
There are variances of blindness. Some don’t see; some won’t see; some can’t see. Helen Kellen spoke at Southern Seminary and said, “The worst thing is to have eyes and not be able to see.” V40 “A disciple is not above his, but everyone who is perfectly trained will be like his teacher. Perfect/perfected—katertismenos in the Greek—suggests mending torn or broken nets. In Matthew 4:21, “He saw James and John, . . . mending their nets.” Galatians 6:1 “Brethren, if a man is overtaken in a trespass (fault), you who are spiritual restore such a one in the spirit of meekness.”
There are compensations for blindness whether literal or otherwise. If literal, there is a cane, guide dog, surgery, miracle; if none of these work, there is always the arm of a friend. It is so for metaphorical blindness, but the helper must first be able to see.
The Golden Rules of Teaching
- A teacher is a hinge on which one’s future swings.
- We teach more by our walk than by our talk.
- Sometimes, an ounce of Christian living before a pupil is worth a ton of talk.
- It is not what the pupils remember that constitutes knowledge, but what they cannot forget.
Rule #2—Misshapen Attitudes Affect Us both as Teachers and Learners. V41 “And why do you look at the speck in your brother’s eye, but do not perceive the plank in your own eye?” There is another consideration of “don’t, won’t, can’t.” What these two have in common: Both have been rendered incapable of sight; both have seemingly correctible conditions. Now, a look at the ways they differ: a speck v. a plank or sawdust v. a saw log; accident v. carelessness; knowledge v. ignorance; beyond control v. self-control.
Dr. Criswell told about preaching in an Oklahoma revival. Members came, but a wife and husband went to sleep. When the power suddenly failed, the husband woke up in the dark. “Dr. Criswell,” he shouted, “Stop preaching and pray for me! I’ve gone stark blind!”
Don’t work to change others until you’ve made room for change in your own life. A psychiatrist is an M.D. who goes through psychoanalysis himself. As Edward Wallis Hoch wrote, “There is so much bad in the best of us, and so much good in the worst of us, that it hardly behooves any of us to talk about the rest of us.”
Rule #3—Good and Evil are Alike Products of Human Personality. V 45 “A good man out of the good treasure of his heart brings forth good; and an evil man out of the evil treasure of the heart brings forth evil.” Obedience to the highest good we know is the final test. Matthew 7:21, “Not everyone who says to me, ‘Lord, Lord,’ shall enter the kingdom of heaven; but he who does the will of my Father in heaven.” Psalm 1:2 “His delight is in the law of the Lord.”
The tree is known by what it produces. I have two plums in my yard. One is surrounded by little plums from last year’s fallen plums. The other I race the birds to them. My tomato plants are not producing. In the same way, the human heart produces what it is. Does God see the maliciously evil differently from the ignorantly evil? The evil done in the name of religion? The hostages! [1979-81]
Rule #4—What is in the Human Heart is Given Expression with What We Say. V45 “Out of the abundance of the heart his mouth speaks.” What does one say under pressure? What does one habitually say? What do we say when no one hears?
Rule #5—They Are Happy Who do not Exchange Future Advantage for Present Pleasure. V48 “He is like a man building a house, who dug deep and laid the foundation on the rock.” The house builder is a useful illustration. He built his house during the dry season in the river bed. When the rains came it was more difficult and more expensive.
We often have a choice between immediate convenience and long-term good. Many people have trouble choosing what can’t be seen, such as the essence of spiritual decision. Let us rebuke carelessness of spirit, as the University President whose goal was to raise a Christian family. Let us require steadfastness; 1 Timothy 6:19, “Storing up for themselves a good foundation for the time to come, that they may lay hold on eternal life.” Let us restore hope. Storms do come.
***THE REMAINDER OF THIS SERMON HAS BEEN LOST***
JESUS FOLLOWERS
#002 JESUS FOLLOWERS
Scripture Luke 5:27-39 Orig. 7/14/63
- Rewr. 4/10/85
Passage: 27 After this, Jesus went out and saw a tax collector by the name of Levi sitting at his tax booth. “Follow me,” Jesus said to him, 28 and Levi got up, left everything and followed him. 29 Then Levi held a great banquet for Jesus at his house, and a large crowd of tax collectors and others were eating with them. 30 But the Pharisees and the teachers of the law who belonged to their sect complained to his disciples, “Why do you eat and drink with tax collectors and sinners?” 31 Jesus answered them, “It is not the healthy who need a doctor, but the sick. 32 I have not come to call the righteous, but sinners to repentance.” 33 They said to him, “John’s disciples often fast and pray, and so do the disciples of the Pharisees, but yours go on eating and drinking.” 34 Jesus answered, “Can you make the friends of the bridegroom fast while he is with them? 35 But the time will come when the bridegroom will be taken from them; in those days they will fast.” 36 He told them this parable: “No one tears a piece out of a new garment to patch an old one. Otherwise, they will have torn the new garment, and the patch from the new will not match the old. 37 And no one pours new wine into old wineskins. Otherwise, the new wine will burst the skins; the wine will run out and the wineskins will be ruined. 38 No, new wine must be poured into new wineskins. 39 And no one after drinking old wine wants the new, for they say, ‘The old is better.’”
Purpose: Continuing a study from Luke, calling attention to some who early came to be followers of Jesus
Keywords: Bible Study
Timeline/Series: Luke
Introduction
The first part of our study has to do with the call of a tax-collector to be a Christ-follower. The scripture makes clear that they were a hated breed, and the reason is clear. The Romans didn’t have an IRS. There were no computers to foul up, and there were no refunds to grant.
They assessed a certain district the amount of taxes that were to be paid, and then sold the collecting rights to the highest bidder. The officials didn’t care how much or how little money has actually collected, just so long as they got their assessed gross.
It is easy to see how such a program could be abused, and how thieves with strong-armed tactics would tend to become the tax-collectors; and how they could become hated by the people.
U.S.A. Today did a piece this week on numbers of assaults on IRS agents. It’s up 50% in the last five years. The article centered around a citizen’s going after some agents with his unregistered AR-15 rifle as they were about to seize his Cherokee in lieu of payment.
The point is that tax people still are not all that popular, especially this time of the year. We all know that it has to be done, and that our system, while not perfect, is the best available. Yet tax people are not popular folks.
I. The Selection of Matthew. V27 “After these things He went out and saw a tax collector named Levi, sitting at the tax office. And He said to him, ‘Follow me.’”
At this point there were only four who were followers of Jesus—Simon, Andrew, James, and John (Matthew 4 and Luke 5). Jesus already envisioned calling more. But He must teach even these four. A lesson they need to learn is based on human worth and repentance. These were simple men, and thus were easily teachable. Both Mark and Matthew include the disciples at the feast.
Jesus’ method was to reach out to people who needed Him. It had nothing to do with “who” they were, or “what” they had. It had to do with “how” the perceived themselves in relation to God. There are down-and-outers and up-and-outers, but chances are the ones walking alone are more open to spiritual profferings.
A major purpose here is to communicate the need for repentance. Remember, his link with John in Matthew 3:1: “John, preaching, saying ‘Repent ye, for the Kingdom of Heaven is at hand.’” Matthew 4:17: Jesus said “Repent, for the Kingdom of Heaven is at hand.”
At the feast Jesus will have occasion to illustrate repentance. Levi the publican becomes Matthew. Many publicans are at the feast to hear Jesus. They need repentance. Many religious leaders are contemptuously looking on. They need repentance also.
There is a terrible danger in the lives of many contemporary religious folk, that their religion becomes a shield against repentance.
II. Secondly, A Question to Jesus About Why His Followers Are Different. V33 “Why do the disciples of John fast, likewise those of the Pharisees, but Yours eat and drink?” We need to try to get to the real question. Why don’t your followers fast? Why don’t your people commiserate rather than celebrate?
Don’t disdain fasting. I don’t know but one other thing that would more for the pastor and people of Transylvania Baptist Church—That’s prayer.
The time comes when Christians ought to fast. Isaiah 58:6 “Is not this the fast that I have chosen? To loose the bands of wickedness, to undo the heavy burdens, and to let the oppressed go free, and that ye break every yoke.”
“Yoke” is used to gain advantage. Orthodox Jews like orthodox religionists of today believed that religion was supposed to make one appear uncomfortable. They endured the Sabbath. We take it in two hour units. They fasted on Monday and Thursday (6a.m. to 6p.m.). They put ash on their faces to show their fasting.
Anytime we are in such stricture of soul that our time with God is not interrupted for nourishment, whether by design or by forgetfulness, it is fasting.
Jesus uses the occasion of the question to share three parables:
(1) The true spirit life is like a wedding feast. V34: “Can you make the friends of the bridegroom fast while the bridegroom is with them?” We are not compelled to do what we wish not to do. We are not denied things because they are pleasurable. We are simply promised that living life in faith based on the Word of God is what brings true happiness.
(2) The true spirit life is like a piece of new cloth. V36 “No one puts a piece from a new garment on an old one. It will tear, and they do not match.” The Greek word for “tear,” pronounced “sxisma,” is our word for “schism.” The first three usages are about religious division. There is a present struggle in the Convention. Jesus is not demeaning of the Old Testament but, rather, the way they looked at it. They could not repair it by attaching some new ideology over an old error. Jesus was certainly not certifying that the new is better than the old. He wanted to get to the heart of truth and build thereon.
(3) The true spirit life is like fermenting juice. The life situation is that these were not bottles but goatskins. The Greek word pronounced “bota” is our word for “boot.” Old skins are weak, cracked. Fermentation will penetrate. What Jesus is teaching is that people who know will not choose the new wine over old. The value is in the aging, the changing. The good comes from the new in the process of change. Work through a new thought for it to become truth. Leave room for repentance to be contained in your vessel of speculation until it ferments into truth.
Closing
George Whitefield, 1700’s, said in one of his sermons, “You see, brethren, partakers of the heavenly calling, what great blessings are treasured up for you in Jesus Christ and what you are entitled to by believing on His name. Take heed, therefore, that ye walk worthy of the vocation wherewith you are called. Think often how highly you are favored; and remember, you have not chosen Christ, He has chosen you.” (Whitefield’s Sermon Outlines, Eerdman’s Publishing 1956, p.122)
WHEN THE WINE RUNS OUT
#858 WHEN THE WINE RUNS OUT
Scripture John 2:1-12 Orig. October 17, 1989
Passage: On the third day a wedding took place at Cana in Galilee. Jesus’ mother was there, 2 and Jesus and his disciples had also been invited to the wedding. 3 When the wine was gone, Jesus’ mother said to him, “They have no more wine.” 4 “Woman,[a] why do you involve me?” Jesus replied. “My hour has not yet come.” 5 His mother said to the servants, “Do whatever he tells you.” 6 Nearby stood six stone water jars, the kind used by the Jews for ceremonial washing, each holding from twenty to thirty gallons.[b] 7 Jesus said to the servants, “Fill the jars with water”; so they filled them to the brim. 8 Then he told them, “Now draw some out and take it to the master of the banquet.” They did so, 9 and the master of the banquet tasted the water that had been turned into wine. He did not realize where it had come from, though the servants who had drawn the water knew. Then he called the bridegroom aside 10 and said, “Everyone brings out the choice wine first and then the cheaper wine after the guests have had too much to drink; but you have saved the best till now.” 11 What Jesus did here in Cana of Galilee was the first of the signs through which he revealed his glory; and his disciples believed in him. 12 After this he went down to Capernaum with his mother and brothers and his disciples. There they stayed for a few days.
Purpose: Continuing a study of the gospel, here calling attention to Jesus’ beginning of appeals to his disciples for their faith.
Keywords: Bible Study Miracle Series, John Christ, Glory
Timeline/Series: Bible Study/John
Introduction
This is not to be a treatise on or against the use of beverage alcohol. If it were, I would use some other text. This passage has a much deeper, much more lucid meaning for us to grasp.
But I will give you a testimony. I will remind you that alcohol remains the true nemesis of our times. I grew up in a home where it was the principal source of strife. The absence of it frustrated my father, the presence of it was my mother’s strongest antagonist. I can still remember times in young childhood when my dad was picked up for public drunkenness. It was not a difficult decision for me to make to decide that my children would not have to struggle with that, nor their mother. I contend, to this day, that leaving the use of beverage alcohol out of my life has cost me nothing, and gained me much. That’s all I have to say on the subject.
Let us now get back to what the text does say. Let’s see that when Jesus and his disciples (Andrew, James, Simon Peter, Phillip, Nathaniel, and John) arrived, Mary was already there. She may have been an official part of the proceedings, a hostess, if you please. It could well have been a kinsman who was the groom. Some say John himself. For instance, the women who come to the garden tomb to prepare the body of Jesus are identified. One is called Salome (in Mark). Matthew mentions another woman, without naming Salome, and calls her the mother of Zebedee’s children. They say, then, that Mary and Salome were sisters.
Mary’s responsibility in the household was certainly official. She saw that the refreshments were gone, and that embarrassment was ahead.
I. So, Jesus Has Begun His Earthly Ministry. V1 “The third day was a marriage in Cana, of Galilee; and the mother of Jesus was there.” The form of the verb “to be” suggests station. It is imperfect—she has been there all along. Jesus came at her request. Six extra guests didn’t deplete the wine. His purpose was to define his role for the disciples.
The groom made his choice, makes arrangements, and has come to his father’s home, or to his new home. His guests waited there. Her guests entered after their return.
Mary reports to Jesus the embarrassment of having run out of wine. This is fermented juice of the vine. Without refrigeration, it’s the only alternative. I remember when Ann opened Welch’s grape juice out of an unplugged refrigerator.
Mary’s direct comment to the servants suggest some official position. Wealthy or poor cannot be derived. It is important that we note Jesus’ presence at ordinary events. Jesus was not an ascetic like John the Baptist. Luke 7:34 “The son of man came eating and drinking, . . . a friend of publicans and sinners.”
A comment must be made relative to the miraculous in Jesus’ ministry. Remember, John calls it a “sign” (sémeion) as he does throughout. John also uses numbers with significance. “And the third day” concludes a description of the first week. He has revealed six disciples, a number for incompleteness. Interestingly, there will be mentioned six waterpots.
Also, John selects only seven miracles. There were 35-40 in the gospels. Several are reported by Matthew, Mark, and Luke. Five of the seven only John records. Here; healing the nobleman’s son (John 4); making the lame man walk (John 5); feeding the 5,000 (John 6); calming the storm (John 6); restoring sight to the blind man (John 9); and raising Lazarus (John 11).
II. He Begins This Earthly Ministry Coming to the Rescue of a Bridegroom in Distress. Undoubtedly, he has put his seal on the institution of marriage. Nearly every marriage ceremony affirms this. I would remind you that marriage is of divine, not Christian, origin. The institution preempts expensive ritualism and legal documents. Marriage is commitment to another person and to a divine mandate.
Mary calls upon Jesus to offer aid. Remember the status of her faith. She was chosen. She is celebrated in the Magnificat (Luke 1:47), “My spirit hath rejoiced in God my Saviour.”
The aid he has come to offer is to define his Messiahship. He “manifested forth His glory” (v 11), that “his disciples believed.” The answer given to Mary is not as sharp a rebuke as it sounds. She is already called “mother of Jesus,” though this is the FIRST sign Mary knew her son. She may well have known John the Baptist’s identification of Jesus. She would conclude that “His time had come.” The hour of public assertiveness is on hold in concern for the disciples.
By the way, “woman” (gynaika) is exactly what he called her from the cross in John 19:26.
III. There Is a Spiritual Meaning Here Open to Each of Us.
V3 “They have no wine.” When the wine runs out, when that upon which all else depends is gone, what do we do? When life’s exhilaration vanishes, where do we go? He decided to provide the wine, but the true miracle is the message delivered to his disciples. To the six: “What will you do when the exhilaration turns to exhaustion, execution?” To all of us: “To whom (what) do you turn ‘When the wine runs out’?” Surely you have experienced it. The sun hides, birds hush, songs die. Life’s elixir becomes tainted. What do you do “when the wine runs out”?
It is in this context, then, that Jesus works a miracle. He instructs the workers to fill the six waterpots. 2-3 firkins would be 25-30 gallons. Water was always identified with purification (i.e., salvation). Isaiah 44:3 “I will pour water upon him that is thirsty.” 53:12 “he poured out his soul unto death.” 55:1 “He poured out his soul unto death.”
When the waterpots were filled to the neck, to the brim, it was not enough. Stone pots filled represent law. Filled, they suggest that now the law has been filled full. There was a stone pot for each of the six disciples. Six means “not enough,” incomplete. What do you do when the wine runs out? When all else comes up short? A hundred gallons of wine makes for a happy wedding, but who can make it happen?
F.W. Boreham (T47.8p209) quotes the old violinmaster to his pupil “before you have finished the world will do one of three things with you. It will make your heart very hard, it will make it very soft, or else it will break it.” When exhilaration becomes exhaustion, when the wine is gone, what do you intend to do? Jesus still holds the answer.
A final comment must be made on verse 10. “Thou hast kept the good wine until now.” Where but in Christ does exhilaration follow exhaustion? The world insists the best be used first. Beauty spends itself for maturity. Youth surrenders in time to age. And the world counts them losses.
The believer who stands by his faith sees it become. Jesus said to Nathaniel in John 1:51 “Hereafter.”
The choicest blessings of marriage await the exhaustions of time.